FUNDAMENTAL OF POWER PLANT
INTRODUCTION:-

The whole world is in the grip of energy crisis and the pollution manifesting itself in the spiraling cost of energy and uncomforted due to increase in pollution as well as the depletion of conventional energy resources and increasing curve of pollution elements. To meet these challenges one way is to check growing energy demand but that would show down the economic growth as first step and to develop nonpolluting energy conversion system as second step. It is commonly accepted that the standard of living increases with increasing energy consumption per capita. Any consideration of energy requirement and supply has to take into account the increase conservation measures. On the industrial font, emphasis must be placed on the increased with constant effort to reduce energy consumption. Fundamental changes in the process, production and services can affect considerable energy saving without affecting the overall economy. It need not be over emphasized that in house hold commercial and industrial use of energy has considerable scope in energy saving. Attempt at understanding the integrated relationship between environment and energy have given shape due to development of R-134a, (an non pollutant refrirgent) to emerging descipling of environmental management. The government of India has laid down the policy “it is imperative that we carefully utilize our renewal (i.e., non-decaying) resources of soil water, plant and animal live to sustain our economic development” our exploration or exploitation of these is reflected in soil erosion, salutation, floods and rapid destruction of our forest, floral and wild life resources. The depletion of these resources often tends to be irreversible since bulk of our population depends on these natural resources. Depletion of these natural resources such as fuel, fodder, and housing power plant;

CONCEPT OF POWER PLANT:-

A power plant is assembly of systems or subsystems to generate electricity, i.e., power with economy and requirements. The power plant itself must be useful economically and environmental friendly to the society. The present book is oriented to conventional as well as non-conventional energy generation. While the stress is on energy efficient system regards conventional power systems viz., to
increase the system conversion efficiency the supreme goal is to develop, design, and manufacturer the non-conventional power generating systems in coming decades preferably after 2050 AD which are conducive to society as well as having feasible energy conversion efficiency and non-friendly to pollution, keeping in view the pollution act. The subject as a whole can be also stated as modern power plants for power viz electricity generation in 21st century. The word modern means pertaining to time. At present due to energy crisis the first goal is to conserve energy for future while the second step is to develop alternative energy systems including direct energy conversion devices, with the devotion, dedication and determination remembering the phrase, “ Delve and Delve Again till wade into”.

CLASSIFICATION OF POWER PLANTS:-

1. Conventional
    • Steam Engines Power Plants
    • S team Turbine Pow er P lants
    • Diesel Power Plants
    • Gas Turbine Power Plants
    • Hydro-Electric P ow er Plants
    • Nuclear P ow er Plants

2. Non-conven tional

    •  Thermo electric Generator
    • Therm-ionic generator
    • Fuel-cells Pow er Plants
    • Photovoltaic solar cells Power System
    • MHD Power Plants
    • Fussion Reactor N PP Power S y stem
    • Bio gas, Biomass Energy Power system
    • Geothermal Energy
    • Wind Energy P ow er System
    • Ocean Thermal energy conversion (OTEC)
    • Wave and Tidal Wave
    • Energy Plantation Scheme

A power plant may be defined as a machine or assembly of equipment that generates and delivers a flow of mechanical or electrical energy. The main equipment for the generation of electric power is generator. When coupling it to a prime mover runs the generator, the electricity is generated. The type of prime move determines, the type of power plants. The major power plants, which are discussed in this website are,
1. Steam power plant
2. Diesel power plant
3. Gas turbine power plant
4. Nuclear power plant
5. Hydro electric power plant
The Steam Power Plant, Diesel Power Plant, Gas Turbine Power Plant and Nuclear Power Plants are called THERMAL POWER PLANT, because these convert heat into electric energy.